Tuesday, 6 May 2014

Dave Winer

"Once the users, they never give it back"
"RSS was born in 1997 out of the confluence of Dave Winer's 'Really Simple Syndication' technology, used to push out blog updates, and Netscape's 'Rich Site Summary', which allowed users to create custom Netscape home pages with regularly updated data flows."

Helped create with this the first developments for blogging and social netowkring. RSS still used today on millions of webpages.
"The father of modern-day content distribution." - PC World.

Tuesday, 29 April 2014

Skype

Simple tone and using lots of images make the software appealing and is only showing its advantages, it is a publicising video, it does not give the other side. It is also showing the basic ideas and processes you an do, all things which are appealing to an audience.

  • 560 million people have used skype
  • Microsoft spend nearly 10billion to buy skype, 5 years earlier it was sold by ebay for 1.6billion to sony.
  • 40% of skype calls are video to video ,lots more and just voice etc. It is a larger platform than what it started out to be.

The product has been globalised due to the internet but also the copmapnies behind Skype. Those companies were alread globalised and has meant that skype has follwed also due to people wanting to speak with relatives abroad or business partners. Aslong as there is an internet connection you can use skype.

Tuesday, 22 April 2014

History of the internet (long tail theory)

Two major transformations of the internet
- Web 2.0
- Amazon (long tail theory-)


long tail theory-
Stores could only afford to carry the most popular items because they needed enough people in an area to buy their goods in order to recoup their overhead expenses.
The Internet changes that. It allows people to find less popular items and subjects. It turns out that there's profit in those "misses," too. Amazon can sell obscure books, Netflix can rent obscure movies, and iTunes can sell obscure songs.





A time in which the Internet became viable to the world in my opinion is in late 1990's due to its rapid growth at this time. The Internet had companies such as Amazon and Ebay operating and this eas meaning the Internet to the normal consumer was use full. I was also becoming a search engine with google emerging in 99 allowing more people to use it as a information database. Companies were using this before this point and it was usefully to them bu the consumer was seeing its uses shortly after. There were early adopters before this but it became mainstream at this point and in the early 2000's.

 WWW stands for World Wide Web. This links with the idea of a 'global village' due to it being worldwide. Everybody can connect via the internet anywhere in the world alsong as they have an internet connection.

Monday, 24 March 2014

theory globalisation

-Kant moral
Immanuel Kant (1724–1804) argued that moral requirements are based on a standard of rationality he dubbed the “Categorical Imperative” (CI). Immorality thus involves a violation of the CI and is thereby irrational. Other philosophers, such as Locke and Hobbes, had also argued that moral requirements are based on standards of rationality. However, these standards were either desire-based instrumental principles of rationality or based on sui generis rational intuitions. Kant agreed with many of his predecessors that an analysis of practical reason will reveal only the requirement that rational agents must conform to instrumental principles.

-Katian ethics
Kant, unlike Mill, believed that certain types of actions (including murder, theft, and lying) were absolutely prohibited, even in cases where the action would bring about more happiness than the alternative. For Kantians, there are two questions that we must ask ourselves whenever we decide to act: (i) Can I rationally will that everyone act as I propose to act? If the answer is no, then we must not perform the action. (ii) Does my action respect the goals of human beings rather than merely using them for my own purposes? Again, if the answer is no, then we must not perform the action. (Kant believed that these questions were equivalent).
 
-The history of utilitarianism
Utilitarianism is one of the most powerful and persuasive approaches to normative ethics in the history of philosophy. Though not fully articulated until the 19th century, proto-utilitarian positions can be discerned throughout the history of ethical theory.
Though there are many varieties of the view discussed, utilitarianism is generally held to be the view that the morally right action is the action that produces the most good. There are many ways to spell out this general claim. One thing to note is that the theory is a form of consequentialism: the right action is understood entirely in terms of consequences produced.

-Ethics - virtue ethics
  • A right act is the action a virtuous person would do in the same circumstances.
Virtue ethics is person rather than action based: it looks at the virtue or moral character of the person carrying out an action, rather than at ethical duties and rules, or the consequences of particular actions.
Virtue ethics not only deals with the rightness or wrongness of individual actions, it provides guidance as to the sort of characteristics and behaviours a good person will seek to achieve.


-Duty-based or Deontological ethics

Deontological (duty-based) ethics are concerned with what people do, not with the consequences of their actions.
  • Do the right thing.
  • Do it because it's the right thing to do.
  • Don't do wrong things.
  • Avoid them because they are wrong.
Under this form of ethics you can't justify an action by showing that it produced good consequences, which is why it's sometimes called 'non-Consequentialist'.
The word 'deontological' comes from the Greek word deon, which means 'duty'.
Duty-based ethics are usually what people are talking about when they refer to 'the principle of the thing'.
Duty-based ethics teaches that some acts are right or wrong because of the sorts of things they are, and people have a duty to act accordingly, regardless of the good or bad consequences that may be produced.



Thursday, 13 March 2014

audience produced films

How has the Internet changed audience produced films and fan films?
 
Audiences have much easier access now to post the produced film due to websites such as you tube and vimeo. It has given a path for these people to post to and for there fans to watch the product they created.
 
It has also created easier editing. People can edit their media much more easily than ever before due to the applications on the Internet. Adobe elements is much more popular thanks to the Internet.
The Internet has also increased the popularity of communication between different audiences and enabling them to share ideas between them and even create large projects through the Internet. It has also made material easier for people to get hold of and manipulate.
You tube has allowed people to download via apps downloaded and then edit this so that it may portray a different story or carry on with what has happened.
 
The films shown are varying from scits to actually completely changing the plot portrayed by remixing the film on the DVD to change the view from the audience. They can also vary heavily on quality due to the equipment used throughout. As this is constantly changing, quality can vary.







 


Tuesday, 11 March 2014

Robocop marketing

https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.glu.robocop

Created an app, 400,000 votes on google play alone, also on app store.
It has had between 5-10million installations, huge amount , great marketing tool in todays age due to how the app is represented. A game with information inside.

Robocop.com
Its own web page, very interesting URL. Links directly to the film.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=INmtQXUXez8

27Million views, has gone viral due to its TV marketing and could even be billboard and bus marketing.

http://www.thewrap.com/ces-sonys-robocop-campaign-lands-ces/

One of the largest electronics shows in the world, advertised here and gained lots of publicity

http://www.techradar.com/news/world-of-tech/how-close-is-robocop-to-real-life--1221201

A large tech website had its attention and made a large post about this.

omnicorp.com

A website for the 'dark side' and gains more views, links to games, scenarios and other interesting bits for fans to look at.

Monday, 10 March 2014

impacts of people


Impacts on different groups of people

Colour code the statements to show the impacts on the different groups of people.

Has meant thousands of women in Kenya have access to land which previously they did not under Kenyan law

Women in the UK have increased job opportunities in flexible, part time employment and access to a full education by law.

There are more jobs available in developing countries, especially in manufacturing and increasingly in tertiary too

Women in the developing world have increased access to education

Women and men in the developing world have access to urban secondary and tertiary jobs

Men in the East end of London have reduced access to secondary jobs in car manufacturing that their fathers did

Many men in developing nations feel work is better paid and more consistent in factories compared to farming which can be affected by the weather

In the UK, fewer full time jobs in secondary industries, and more part time tertiary jobs than 50 years ago

Many men in developing countries have to leave their rural homes and children with elderly relatives in countries like China, to work in factories in urban centres

Many women in countries like Bangladesh work in ‘sweatshops’ for TNCs, stitching clothes for minimal pay, in tough conditions with limited or no breaks

Key
Impact on men in the developed world       Impact on women in the developed world
Impact on men in the developing world       Impact on women in the developing world
 
Women in developed countries have increased access to flexible work compared to 50 years ago when more jobs were labour intensive- so now women are more equal


 

 

Thursday, 6 March 2014

Film Distribution

Film distrubution is one of the largest peoblems for a film company. There are so many avenues to go down to distrubute a film. In the 60's and 70's films were being sold in a straight forward way.People were visiting the cinemks and renting movies via vhs. Jaws made 130,000,000 of revenue from renting, films get nothing like this from dvd renting or blu ray. Companies now rent via online streaming and this has generated revenue again but not anything like before.

Films were being sold also via vhs as people had these in homes but it is all changing over time.
The 90's saw Vhs sales still high but to the latter of this decade, DVD's were becoming popular and the internet usage was gaining. Law enforcement were still trying to combat pirating via copies on market stalls etc. but people were now starting to download films illegaly, a new way of doing so.

In the 2000's pirating via online grew hugely in the 10 years. Blu ray also meant that films were much higher quality and companies were now offering downloads through itunes. People could buyt a film and watch off an iPod or iPhone. This meant it was going online and streaming websites such as netflix were growing in the later years. Paying a small amount and getting 1000's of movies sounded great and was cutting the growing illegal downloads due to this.

Streaming has grown assively and now companies do not rent via blockbusters due to it being shut down.Companies now focus on sales on streaming, DVD's ,Blu rays and cinema. 3D has meant that more people visit the cinema for the experience and this is what the cinema is becoming, a night out. People go more for the atmosphere than the film as we can now find films on the internet very easily. 3D TV's also mean we can now watch films at home like this. The introduction of 4K has also meant that films are now in better quality than ever. The companies are now filming digitally allowing more places show the filming as its easier to carry or even download

Wednesday, 5 March 2014

primary, secondary and tertiary

Primary production: this involves acquiring raw materials. For example, metals and coal have to be mined, oil drilled from the ground, rubber tapped from trees, foodstuffs farmed and fish trawled. This is sometimes known as extractive production.
  • Secondary production: this is the manufacturing and assembly process. It involves converting raw materials into components, for example, making plastics from oil. It also involves assembling the product, eg building houses, bridges and roads.
  • Tertiary production: this refers to the commercial services that support the production and distribution process, eg insurance, transport, advertising, warehousing and other services such as teaching and health care.

  • The quaternary sector of the economy consists of intellectual activities. Activities associated with this sector include government, culture, libraries, scientific research, education, and information technology.



    In the UK most of our jobs are in the tertiary sector. This has not always been the case, with most jobs traditionally found in the primary and secondary sectors. Lots of these jobs have since moved abroad and subsequently there has been a rise in tertiary and some quaternary jobs.

     


     
    Based on the U.K, can change for different countries due to them bypassing some parts of the model.For example India has now got lots of call centres due to the amount of english speakers.


    Employment changes when a company undergoes economic development over a period of time. As the Clark Fisher model shows, job types change as a country changes in its wealth and population. Jobs are divided into 4 groups as seen above. The jobs in these are such things as farmers for primary, garment maker for secondary, teacher for tertiary and quaternary could be a chemical engineer.

    The position the company is in depends on this as when a company grows it will have lots of farmers and workers for example. This is a high amount of primary and secondary employees in a company. When the country grows larger less people are working on farms but more people are working in tertiary and secondary groups due to the education needed for these people. The Fischer model shows this and although based on the U.K it is a good guide for other countries to look at. It gives an idea on where jobs will be for the future and then lets them change the structure for this and be better prepared for the future. These pople working in secondary groups may have had dads or mums working on farms and it is changing the structure of the family tree. The children may grow to do the same thing and it can change the families attitudes also. Their identities change because of the job they have and the money it may bring. Typically the higher you are on the graph (tertiary, quatitary) the more you will be paid prepaired to the primary workers.


     
     
     
     
    
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     

    Monday, 3 March 2014

    ....

    How is the world more interconnected?
    The world is more interconnected due to several main reasons. The largest is the communication we have built over the last 30-50years. The Internet is larger than ever right now and will only keep growing. This also allows for all people to be able to search the Internet and share views with others who agree and they also have the opportunity to find new view, these which would not be found without this communication.
    What has created a 'global village'?
    Having the internet so widespread has helped majorly in this, allowing more and more people to join the internet communities. Also, search engines like google have massively helped towards this, they have made it easy to find pages and forums just by typing in key words.
    What has happened to transport to help globalisation?
    Transport has fastened to match the speed of communications. Mass distribution has meant larger carriers have been developed to cope with this and many other ideas have led to transportation helping globalisation.
    How does it help countries?
    It helps countries as it can add stability to a country in bad times knowing other larger or more affluent countries are trying to help. It also helps countries with education and the opening of minds.
    Who benefits the most from TNC's?
    Transnational corporations
    The country it comes from. They reap the rewards as they are the ones feeling the profits, the countries making the products gets more jobs but this can still be low, especially in LEDC's.

    Thursday, 27 February 2014

    David Gauntlett's idea about web 2.0

    David Gauntlett says that:
    Focus on everyday meanings produced by the diverse array of audience members
    • Interest in the massive long tail of independent media projects such as those found on YouTube and many other websites, mobile devices, and other forms of DIY media
    • Attempt to embrace the truly international dimensions of Media Studies – including a recognition not only of the processes of globalization, but also of the diverse perspectives on media and society being worked on around the world
    • recognition that internet and digital media have fundamentally changed the ways in which we engage with all media
    • media audiences seen as extremely capable interpreters of media content, with a critical eye and an understanding of contemporary media techniques, thanks in large part to the large amount of coverage of this in popular media itself

    Web 2.0 examples

    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_Page

    This is a large website in which uses web2.0. Anybody can make or change a page wheneve they want due to the HTML format used.

    Blogger.com
    Blogger, the website this is made on uses HTML format again and anybody can create a blog whenever they want and chsange and update it also.
    other examples

    Facebook.com
    Twitter.com
    Youtube.com
    Wordpress.com
    Tumblr.com

    There are now not many websites which do not run on this, all websites created today cna be altered by the publisher or even people looking at it. This is what web2.0 was designed for.

    History of the internet

    Sir Tim Berners- Inventor of the WorldWideWeb or as we know it now, the internet

    ARPANET- The Advanced Research Projects Agency Network (ARPANET) was one of the world's first operational Packet switcing networks, the first network to implement TCP/IP, and the progenitor of what was to become the global Internet. Packet switching, today the dominant basis for data communications worldwide, was a new concept at the time of the conception of the ARPANET. Prior to the advent of packet switching, both voice and data communications had been based on the idea of curcuit switcing.

    CERN- The European Organization for Nuclear Research  known as CERN is a European research organization whose purpose is to operate the world's largest partical physics laboratory. CERN's main function is to provide the Particle accelarators and other infrastructure needed for high-energy physics research – as a result, numerous experiments have been constructed at CERN following international collaborations. It is also the birthplace of the Wold Wide Web.

    Boadband- The term broadband refers to the wide bandwidth characteristics of a transmission medium and its ability to transport multiple signals and traffic types simultaneously. The medium can be coax, optical fiber, twisted pair or wireless. In contrast, baseband describes a communication system in which information is transported across a single channel.

    Dial-up -Dial-up Internet access is a form of Internet access that uses the facilities of the public switched telephone network (PSTN) to establish a dialed connection to an Internet service provider (ISP) via telephone lines. The user's computer or router uses an attached modem to encode and decode Internet Protocol packets and control information into and from analogue audio frequency signal.

    Hypertext - HTML or HyperText Markup Language is the main markup language for creating web pages and other information that can be displayed in a web browser.

    Web 2.0 - Web 2.0 describes World Wide Web sites that use technology beyond the static pages of earlier Web sites. The term was coined in 1999 by Darcy DiNucci and was popularized by Tim O'Reilly at the O'Reilly Media Web 2.0 conference in late 2004. Although Web 2.0 suggests a new version of the World Wide Web, it does not refer to an update to any technical specification, but rather to cumulative changes in the way Web pages are made and used.


    1980-81 -Berners lee created the world wide web at his job at CERN on his computer to display HyperText and hisd computer was the first server ever on the internet.

    1995 - Stanards of quality were getting higher as people were now helping do this to the net. Many notable websites were up and running now. The internet was growing now and more people were hearing of it, the TIME magaizne did a front cover on how the internet is the next best thing. Email was also now running and being used by many.

    1999- A big year for the net, Broadband was tested for the first time and google, the biggest search engine was created. Also AOL messenger was also running now and was the first 'social network' of any kind, people could communicate easily with basic text over the internet.

    Wednesday, 26 February 2014

    Evidence of globalisation increasing

    Some evidence to globalisation can be seen on the internet. This can be seen with the amount of users on the internet. More and more people each year a connecting to the internet.
    In december 1995   0.4% of people were connected to the internet of the worlds population. This is not much but this was when the internet only started.
    By february 2004 11.5% of people were now connected, a huge rise from before in the 9 year gap
    In march 2013 38.8% of the words population were connected to the internet. The growth has been huge and is great evidence to provide when looking at the idea of globalisation increasing. The evidence is that the internet as a whole is growing due to the amount of people using it.International Companies need inteenet to work now and this has meant that more countries have been connecting and having good I.T infrastructure to attract these. The internet then also means that it will be avaliable to an amount of people in the surrounding area. When others hear about this, they may want it also and the government may be pressured into building the coverage. This can be seen as globalisation due to the effect it creates.


    The direction of this is only going one way,up. The internet will spread faster and arrive to more people over the next 20years. Mobile phones are now used all over the world and the same will happen with the internet. It will touch all corners of the globe. To create equality the internet will spread more as it allows education and information to be seen with a few clicks of a mouse. It will make people more aware of current events and open up new opinions not only seen on the TV.